[SOLVED] UEFI support in Mageia 3 (for my new PC)

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[SOLVED] UEFI support in Mageia 3 (for my new PC)

Postby Myles » May 3rd, '13, 10:28

Hi there people,
I hope this post is in the correct place and hasn't been dealt with elsewhere. I searched and saw a lot of post regarding Mageia # 2. I am going to be getting a new system probably later in the month, with Windows 7 pre-installed by the people who are building it for me. I used to be technical, but have lost the edge and not really kept up to date as much as I should have - I am now retired. My question is that the motherboard (Gigabyte GA-H77-D3H-MVP has 3D BIOS (Dual UEFI) - whatever that heck that means). I know that UEFI is the new/replacement BIOS - nicely being hijacked by M$ from what I have read. Okay I see in the notes for Mageia # 3, this:
UEFI

Beginning with beta4 live medias, there is now experimental UEFI boot support.
Only booting from fat32 formatted USB labeled as MGA3LIVE supported so far.
Secure boot is not supported.


So does this mean that I can install Mageia # 3 onto my new PC but can't access it as normal from the boot menu (GRUB1/2???) and have to boot into it from a USB key named MGA3LIVE???? :?

I will also be having a partition for testing Mageia new releases, is the story the same there?

Myles,
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Last edited by Myles on Jul 24th, '13, 05:17, edited 2 times in total.
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Re: UEFI support in Mageia 3 (for my new PC)

Postby claire » May 3rd, '13, 10:53

Hi Myles

The uefi support is still kind of experimental, there are no plans at the moment to support secure boot.

The instructions are a bit brief aren't they, let me fill them out a bit for you. Our ISO images are hybrid images which means they don't need programs like unetbootin to unpack them and add bits on to them and copy the result onto a usb stick, they have everything they need by just dumping them unaltered to the usb stick with dd. Usually that is a good thing.

Uefi is a bit different though. You will need a fat32 formatted usb stick labeled as MGA3LIVE. Then you have to copy the contents of the ISO to the USB stick, rather than dumping the ISO itself. Probably not making it any easier yet..

For a uefi boot,
$ mkdir iso
$ sudo mount -t auto Mageia-3-RC-LiveDVD-KDE4-x86_64-DVD.iso iso
$ rsync -avP --no-o --no-g iso/ /media/MGA3LIVE/

The label must be MGA3LIVE, as it's hardcoded in the initrd, so when mounted should appear at /media/MGA3LIVE

I've nothing new enough (nowhere near new enough!) to test this myself so if you encounter any errors please do open a bug report for them.

Hope that helps a little and hasn't just confused things even more :?
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Re: UEFI support in Mageia 3 (for my new PC)

Postby gohlip » May 3rd, '13, 12:13

So does this mean that I can install Mageia # 3 onto my new PC but can't access it as normal from the boot menu (GRUB1/2???) and have to boot into it from a USB key named MGA3LIVE???? :?


The answer is 'no'. You can do a "normal" installation (with UEFI/GPT, unsecured boot) and don't need a usb to boot.
(best to test booting up Windows with secure boot disabled before installing linux)

What clare addressed is the "hybrid dd over to usb" part of installation which needs some modifications.
Note you can still "normal install" to a usb partition, again if hard drive is GPT, best to make usb partitions GPT too. And to prepare relevant partitions with gparted first.

[edit] - use Mageia 3 beta4 or later for UEFI/GPT.
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Re: UEFI support in Mageia 3 (for my new PC)

Postby jkerr82508 » May 3rd, '13, 14:43

I think that Windows 7 can be installed on NTFS partitions using Legacy Boot. I believe that most motherboards still provide a Legacy Boot option. Ask your system builder about that. (Perhaps that's why he's offering to install Windows 7, rather than Windows 8 which, I think, requires EFI and GPT.)

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Re: UEFI support in Mageia 3 (for my new PC)

Postby gohlip » May 3rd, '13, 15:23

Jim, you're right.

Mostly though, even Windows 7 comes with GPT and if computer is UEFI, it is usually default boot using UEFI. While secure boot is not necessary for Windows 7, and usually disabled, installing linux on such pre-installed system requires linux boot loaders booting with UEFI and GPT. Unless of course the user reinstall Windows 7 on BIOS (boot-legacy) and choose whatever partitioning method he/she wants.

But good to bring up this point.

Cheers.

[edit] - Grub-legacy (not boot-legacy) cannot handle GPT, there are claims to the contrary but I think they are confusing it with boot-legacy (BIOS) which can handle GPT with modifications to GPT partitioning system (such as a first small partitiom in FAT, a partition flagged as 'bios-grub', etc).
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Re: UEFI support in Mageia 3 (for my new PC)

Postby yankee495 » May 4th, '13, 04:38

Myles,

I was worried about all of this too. First, when they build your computer have them leave some space on the drive for Mageia, however much you want.

Then just install like you normally would after partitioning the space you had reserved. I know you can resize and all of that but why hassle with it.

If I'm wrong someone correct me. I'm running Mageia 2 and have not tried 3 at all. The release was so close I was going to install the final. Now that it is delayed it is not that long so I'll wait. In fact I have not had the time to read that much about 3 and didn't know about 1. From what I've read 2 was far better than 1 and I hope 3 is another step forward...these people know what they're doing.

I've been too busy to spend much time working with the OS. I just built my Ivy Bridge not long ago and will try and pitch in on any system specific bugs or quirks I find. Good luck and I mean with the new computer...
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Re: UEFI support in Mageia 3 (for my new PC)

Postby Myles » May 4th, '13, 09:44

Everyone,
Thankyou for all your replies. I didn't really understand all of what you said and were espousing. :? I knew UEFI was a little bit more tricky than BIOS/MBR, but why does it seem so complicated? So now I am going to have to do some serious reading up on UEFI. I had no idea what this GPT disk was till I looked it up!

Anyway, on the system I will have a 128Gb SSD that will have Windows 7 installed onto it (I certainly didn't want Windows 8 - what were they thinking???? :roll: ) as I use Windows - rarely - for some things, but Mageia is my main system. I certainly don't want "secure boot" enabled. Then I have 2 x 2Tb drives to hold data and my Mageia installs and maybe some other test Linux distros. So I will be re-partitioning the SSD and installing Mageia /boot (and /?) or something onto the SSD and the rest onto the 2TB drive/s.

I'm getting ahead of myself. That's for later on. I will ponder on what you have said and seek advice from you good people when I actually have my system here ready to be Mageia'd so that I get it right.

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Re: UEFI support in Mageia 3 (for my new PC)

Postby yankee495 » May 4th, '13, 15:28

I think you'll be ok. I have two HyperX 3K SSD's, one for Mageia and one for Win7. I love the setup. Really fast and if one dies I can boot and get online without much effort. Anyway, good luck and report back.
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Re: UEFI support in Mageia 3 (for my new PC)

Postby LarryDan » May 10th, '13, 18:25

Myles: I just built a new system, and the motherboard, an ASRock 990FX Extreme9 has a UEFI BIOS. I also have one Kingston HyperX 3K SSD (no HDD's) and a DVD Writer for, well you know, writing DVD's. :-)

I installed Mageia 3 RC, and it works just fine without my having to do anything special for UEFI, nor for the SSD except for some tweaks I'll mention further down in my reply. I just did a "normal" DVD 64-bit install, same as I've been doing with BIOS and a HDD, and Mageia handled it nicely. I haven't experienced any problems with UEFI nor the SSD; and ASRock did such a good job, that I think the UEFI GUI is slightly easier to use than the GUI on my previous Abit BIOS chip on the old system.

The issue is only with Secure Boot, which is probably totally unnecessary using Linux for home use at this time. By the time the bad guys get better at being bad and start crafting boot viruses/worms, and etc. that require a Secure Boot, I'm confident the Mageia developers will have Secure Boot with UEFI for us. In the meantime, don't worry about UEFI causing a problem. It hasn't for me, and I don't know a heck of a lot about Linux, even though I've been using it without problems for the past 13 years when I first gave Mandriva Linux a try. At first, I was dual-booting with Windows on a separate HDD, but very quickly realized I didn't need to have a "fall-back to Windows" backup in place, and eliminated the use of Windows entirely, and I've never looked back or regretted it! I've been Micro$oft-free for almost 13 years and loving it! Thanks very much to Mandriva, and now, Mageia.

BTW, as you noted, Secure Boot has a lot to do with an attempt by M$$$ to enforce more severe Digital Rights Management so they can make more $$$. It's really not about "security" from what I've been reading. So go ahead and enjoy your new system using UEFI minus Secure Boot.

Another BTW: There are a few optimization tweaks unique to improving the performance and longevity of SSD's (see the articles linked below for explanations and the "how to's):
- You absolutely have to enable the TRIM command (so that the SSD's performance doesn't seriously degrade with the passing of time).
- It would be a good idea to revise the IO Scheduler from "CFQ" (the default and optimized for a spinning hard drive) to either "NOOP" or "deadline" (which are ideal for SSD's); and in your case with a mixed SSD and HDD environment, you can do it individually for each mount point: sda (your SSD) and sdb (your hard drive), and use CFQ for the HDD, deadline/NOOP for your SSD.
- As a suggestion, you might consider putting root (/) and home (/home) on your SSD, and don't even think about putting your swap file on an SSD. If used, it will contribute to an earlier demise of the SSD. You can put the swap file on your HDD; or even better yet (!), if you have enough RAM, the best place for your swap file is in RAM; and setting the "swappiness" to 1 or anything below 10, will ensure that it will only use your drive's swap file if RAM becomes full.
- There are other simple performance & endurance tweaks you can make (screwdrivers aren't necessary), and here are two articles on the subject I found useful:

"How to maximise SSD performance with Linux"
http://apcmag.com/how-to-maximise-ssd-performance-with-linux.htm

"Solid State Drives"
https://wiki.archlinux.org/index.php?title=Solid_State_Drives&printable=yes

Magei also has a Wiki on the subject.

Good luck with your new system!

yankee495: But my favorite in hex is "10 less 1 = F"; although "10 less 1 = 0 is good too. :-)
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Re: UEFI support in Mageia 3 (for my new PC)

Postby Myles » Jun 6th, '13, 08:10

Sorry I haven't updated this and only just noticed your reply LarryDan. I have been busy - first reading up on UEFI/GPT and then having MAJOR system failures with the upgrade from Mageia #2 to #3 and then following a complete install of #3 (same problems which I will be detailing on the forums in several posts).

Anyway, first to UEFI/GPT. If you want some (what I think is helpful information) go to here http://www.rodsbooks.com/. Rod is a Linux prgrammer. Down the page he lists several of his web pages dealing with various topics. I found this one helpful: http://www.rodsbooks.com/efi-bootloaders/index.html.

Regarding UEFI/GPT, here's what the system builder said when I mentioned it
From what we know, the UEFI + GPT partition table is only used when installing to a HDD of 3TB capacity or over since most SATA controllers on motherboards can only natively support up to 2TB without the new partition type (i.e. for this install, enabling AHCI for UEFI won’t change anything).
. Actually from what I've read SATA controllers on BIOS/MBR systems can handle drives up to 2.2Tb.

Which makes sensetome fromwhat I have read. As my SSD is only 128Gb, I will just re-partition it and add small partitions for the /boot portions (do I need /root on there as well?) of my Mageia and any other Linux installs with the rest of the install on the 2Tb drives. Is that all I need to do?

Any help or advice most welcome.
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Re: UEFI support in Mageia 3 (for my new PC)

Postby LarryDan » Jun 8th, '13, 04:16

Hi, Myles. Thanks for the links.

In regards to your questions:
My recommendation (based the advice in a lot of Web articles) is to use your SSD for the Linux OS, application software, /home, and use the HDD for data storage and the Windows software if you need to have Windows and/or require the storage of large amounts of data.

When you install Mageia and partition the SSD, set-up the following partitions and in this order (make certain each partition begins on a 4K boundary - see info in links above):
/
/home
swap

You don't need a separate /boot partition. If you establish just a root (/), /home, and swap partitions; then when you install upgrade installations, you can tell the installer to keep all 3 existing partitions, and only format the / partition. In that way, your desktop and application program optimizations, bookmarks, e-mail data, documents and other user data, will be retained while the formatting of the / partition will allow a clean installation of all program and OS type software. That's one of the things I've loved about Linux! I've installed many clean upgrades on top of existing Mandriva/Mageia installations without having to restore data or start all over with the application programs modifications.

Also, even though you install a swap partition on your SSD, it should never be used if you follow the directions in the links I provided above. Instead, the system will use RAM (which is must faster and greatly extends the life of the SSD) for the swap file. Just make sure you set-up the RAM swap file and set the "swappiness" to 1. (See links above.) The same rational for why you also want to create a /tmp file in RAM. (Again, see advice in links above - if I forget something let me know).

And don't forget to enable the Trim command by adding the "elevator=deadline" kernel boot parameter:
- There are several ways, but the best is by using the Mageia Control Center>Boot>Setup Boot: Next: Modify: and add the parameter near the end of the existing parameter string.
- That's the same place and method for enabling the ability to view the start-up and shutdown messages if you want to. If you do, in addition to the elevator parameter, add: "splash=verbose" (less the quote marks I've used to highlight the data to be entered).

BTW, 128 GB's is plenty if you also have an HDD for data storage and the Windows OS and its programs.
Even though I have a 240 GB SSD, I partitioned it with a root (/) partition of 20.4 GB, a /home partition of 64.4 GB, and a swap partition of 3.8 GB (that NEVER gets used), with the rest currently unused.
I have a standard 64-bit installation with quite a bit of user data, and in the / partition, I've only used 6.5 GB of the 20.4, and in /home, 2.0 GB of the 64.4.
So, your 128 GB SSD should be quite adequate for how you're using it.

I hope I've answered your questions; but if not, give me a shout again. Good luck!
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Re: UEFI support in Mageia 3 (for my new PC)

Postby Myles » Jun 11th, '13, 12:19

Thanks for the reply and help LarryDan. I'll read the articles and do some more research. I don't know where you're from but the APCMAG article is actually a PC magazine here in Australia. I used to subscribe to it for about 20 years. Unfortunately about the only Linux articles they do are for Ubuntu and maybe Fedora. So it's good they published this article.

Anyway, I hope my system is going to be ready soon.

If I need some more assistance I'll be sure to holler!
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Re: [EXPLAINED] UEFI support in Mageia 3 (for my new PC)

Postby Myles » Jul 12th, '13, 10:30

Okay LarryDan (and others), I finally have my new system! :D I had to end up going with a 240Gb SanDisk Extreme SSD as the supplier didn't stock the 120Gb one I was going to get.

So I have 1 x 240Gb SSD and 2 x 2Tb HDD's and 8Gb of RAM.

Okay, so now I have it - it looks like it works with UEFI not BIOS. The 2Tb disks are MBR.

I want to have a huge /home as I have lots of photos, media files etc. which I currently store on a 3Tb external HDD (~1..4Tb worth) . I want to bring them onto the internal HDD and go through all my collections and clean them up. Only using the external HDD for backups. So I would allocate my /home on 1 of the 2Tb drives. I will allocate the other to some storage for Windows and holding other Linux installations (with relevant partitions on the SSD)

Larry in your suggestions I read that you shouldn't have too much write activity to an SSD or it wears out faster. But I suppose I could just replace that in a few years time. I have also read somewhere that the SSD (even with lots of writes) should last about 5 years.

LarryDan, in the article you cited
"How to maximise SSD performance with Linux" http://apcmag.com/how-to-maximise-ssd-p ... -linux.htm
he says NOT to allocate swap on the SSD, but to put it on a HDD. So what if I do this:

SSD / 20.6Gb

HDD 1 /swap 2.8Gb (I will use your figure. I presumed that I had to make it as large as my RAM, but reading a few threads/articles - quickly - it seems that I can get away with a lot less).
Windows data 50Gb
The rest I will divide into various Linux installs (1 Mageia testing environment).
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Re: [EXPLAINED] UEFI support in Mageia 3 (for my new PC)

Postby LarryDan » Jul 12th, '13, 18:55

Congratulations on your new system, Myles!

I think in time, you'll be glad you purchased the 240 GB version instead of the 120. Things have a way of changing contrary to our expectations.

Knowing that needs vary with the individual, I'm going to make some suggestions based on my viewpoint, and it may not be consistent with yours, but here goes:

1. Since you're in a mixed environment (SSD and HDD), it might be advisable if you could create your /home partition on the SSD and keep the photos and other media files on the HDD (for example, establish a /data partition on the HDD).
That would provide the advantage of being able to format /home on a version upgrade using the clean-install method if you needed to "freshen" the application and system configuration files stored in /home, without worrying about having to backup-restore your media files. Normally, you would not want to format /home, but sometimes it becomes necessary when something has become corrupted. Rather than debug it, it's just easier/quicker to format /home during the clean installation upgrade.

Therefore, you'd have free choice on a clean-install version upgrade to either not format /home (and save your configs, documents, bookmarks, and e-mail stored locally), or let it be formatted (albeit with the need to backup-restore docs, bookmarks, and e-mail data and reconfigure any desktop modifications and all the application program configuration revisions), but sometimes it's necessary if something in /home is causing a problem, as happens occasionally.

2. SSD failure due to excessive writes: There are many articles on the subject and of course it varies by not just how the person uses it, but by the type of flash memory used and the controller firmware. The problem is that it usually occurs suddenly without warning, and might cause a lot of grief! However, even HDD's fail, often without warning and prematurely, so that part's not different.

The best thing you can do is to minimize the writing; and moving the media files to your HDD is one way. Another is to establish a /swap file in RAM (in addition to the one on your drive (much, MUCH faster!), and set the "swappiness" to 0 (will only swap if out of RAM occurs), that's the way I've been running for more than 2 and half months; and with several applications running (e-mail, 2 open tabs in Chrome, YouTube video playing), the most Total RAM usage I've ever seen was 1.5 GB; normally, it's 778 MB at desktop only, and 1.1 GB with 3 tabs open in Chrome as I'm typing this now (that's Total RAM usage including the swap file, /tmp, and several other system files I moved to RAM).

With 8 GB of RAM, you may never use the /swap on the drive, unless you use hibernate, and even then maybe not (monitor the swap file usage to verify). Also, I wrote that the swap file allocation on my drive is 3.8 (not 2.8) GB. A swap file size of 4 GB is the amount recommended for 8 GB of RAM. I requested 4 GB in the partitioning section of the Mageia installation, but it resulted in 3.8 GB. It may have something to do with Mageia wanting to keep the next partition aligned on a number divisible by 2048 which is mandatory for an SSD; not sure though. I could have then continued to ask for an amount slightly more than 4 GB until it ended up giving me 4 or more, but now that I'm not seeing the swap partition on the SSD ever being used (I don't use hibernate), 3.8 was plenty enough.

Here's a quote on the subject:
<Quote>
Red Hat Recommendation

Red hat recommends setting as follows for RHEL 5:

The reality is the amount of swap space a system needs is not really a function of the amount of RAM it has but rather the memory workload that is running on that system. A Red Hat Enterprise Linux 5 system will run just fine with no swap space at all as long as the sum of anonymous memory and system V shared memory is less than about 3/4 the amount of RAM. In this case the system will simply lock the anonymous and system V shared memory into RAM and use the remaining RAM for caching file system data so when memory is exhausted the kernel only reclaims pagecache memory.

Considering that 1) At installation time when configuring the swap space there is no easy way to predetermine the memory a workload will require, and 2) The more RAM a system has the less swap space it typically needs, a better swap space

Systems with 4GB of ram or less require a minimum of 2GB of swap space
Systems with 4GB to 16GB of ram require a minimum of 4GB of swap space
Systems with 16GB to 64GB of ram require a minimum of 8GB of swap space
Systems with 64GB to 256GB of ram require a minimum of 16GB of swap space
<End quote> Source: http://www.cyberciti.biz/tips/linux-swap-space.html

And don't forget to optimize the SSD usage by setting the "swappiness" at 0 (only swap when out or RAM), revise the scheduler to "deadline", enable the TRIM command, move /tmp to RAM if it isn't already there, and verify that all partitions begin on a location divisible by 2048 (those that don't will have the message: "Partition n (the specific partition number) does not start on physical sector boundary".

I hope this helps.
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Re: [EXPLAINED] UEFI support in Mageia 3 (for my new PC)

Postby Myles » Jul 15th, '13, 10:20

LarryDan (sorry don't know if your first name is Larry or Dan), thanks for the reply. Oh, and the Swap size was my typo error! I will try out your suggestions, although I don't know how to make a swap file in RAM (and I don't think that I'll need one. I have only 3Gb RAM at the moment and the system works fine with a 1.9Gb /swap partition). So I'll install / (20.4Gb) and /home (10Gb or there abouts) on SSD and make 1 of the Tb drives /data, put /swap on other Tb drive. Then got to remember to do all of that TRIM stuff, change scheduler etc. Fingers X that all goes well and I have both a Mageia system and a Windows system with access to both! It is going to be tricky as I have to shrink the Windows C: drive that takes up the entire SSD. When I go into the Windows disk manager and select to shrink the C: drive I will only end up with about 102Gb of space as there are "unmovable files" that Windows won't let you shrink past - so Windows ends up with 126Gb! How the heck can it take that much space!!! Would I be better off re-installing Windows into a smaller user-defined partition and being better able to allocate Linux partitions as I like. Now I have to do some more research on keeping the size of Windows under control. Darn Windows!
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Re: [EXPLAINED] UEFI support in Mageia 3 (for my new PC)

Postby jkerr82508 » Jul 15th, '13, 11:38

If you wish to be able to use Mageia's "suspend to disk" (AKA hibernation), then you should have a swap partition at least equal to the total RAM.

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Re: [EXPLAINED] UEFI support in Mageia 3 (for my new PC)

Postby Myles » Jul 15th, '13, 11:54

Jim, Thanks for jumping in. I have had many problems with Mageia #3 since I installed it - part of which is waking it up from overnight hibernation. Nobody helped me with those problems, so I just shut my system down overnight now (it has only 1.9Gb of swap allocated for 3Gb of RAM - could that be the problem, it wasn't in #2 ). I'll take your advice and make /swap on my new system 8Gb to match my RAM.

I have just discovered the reason why Windows won't let me shrink the C: drive volume as much as I'd like to - (from an official M$ site) -
(Attention: system partition just supports to shrink partition to one half at most.)
. So there is the explanation it is inbuilt into Windows that it won't let you shrink the system partition (C: drive) more than half it's size!!!!! So it looks as though I will indeed have to re-install Windows into a much smaller partition on the SSD! :x
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Re: [EXPLAINED] UEFI support in Mageia 3 (for my new PC)

Postby jkerr82508 » Jul 15th, '13, 13:08

My understanding is that when you hibernate the system in Mageia, then the contents of RAM are written to the swap partition. When you re-start from hibernation, the system is loaded from the swap partition. (There should be a statement in the kernel line in menu.lst "resume=UUID=xxx...", referring to the swap partition.) If more RAM is in use than the available swap space, then hibernation may not work correctly. Therefore, IMHO, it's best to make the swap partition at least as large as RAM, if you plan on using hibernation.

I've never used it, but I think hibernation in Windows operates in a similar fashion, except that, instead of using a separate swap partition, it saves the contents of RAM to a file in a system partition.

Jim
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Re: [EXPLAINED] UEFI support in Mageia 3 (for my new PC)

Postby jkerr82508 » Jul 15th, '13, 13:12

Myles wrote:I have just discovered the reason why Windows won't let me shrink the C: drive volume as much as I'd like to - (from an official M$ site) -
(Attention: system partition just supports to shrink partition to one half at most.)
.

What happens if you re-boot with the shrunken system partition, and then try to shrink it again?

Jim
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Re: [EXPLAINED] UEFI support in Mageia 3 (for my new PC)

Postby Myles » Jul 15th, '13, 13:57

Jim,
Hadn't thought about that! I know Windows is finicky so I didn't want to tempt fate. I have just taken an image of the SSD (both the 100Mb reserved system partition and the C: drive system partition) so I might be able to attempt that angle! I was hoping to reduce it to about 50Gb anyway, so that should just about do it! I'll report back on my success/failure.

By the way, I see you're in bonny Scotland, do you hail from there? I spent several pleasant months working up there in Aviemore way, way back in '79.
Myles,
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Re: [EXPLAINED] UEFI support in Mageia 3 (for my new PC)

Postby doktor5000 » Jul 15th, '13, 19:19

jkerr82508 wrote:If you wish to be able to use Mageia's "suspend to disk" (AKA hibernation), then you should have a swap partition at least equal to the total RAM.


FWIW, you don't need a swap partition, a swap file which can be added later on also works fine.
I've had to go that way, as after installation didn't want to change my partition layout.

Just tell me if someone is interested, i'll write a short howto about that.
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Re: [EXPLAINED] UEFI support in Mageia 3 (for my new PC)

Postby martinw » Jul 15th, '13, 22:50

Myles wrote:I have just discovered the reason why Windows won't let me shrink the C: drive volume as much as I'd like to - (from an official M$ site) -
(Attention: system partition just supports to shrink partition to one half at most.)
. So there is the explanation it is inbuilt into Windows that it won't let you shrink the system partition (C: drive) more than half it's size!!!!! So it looks as though I will indeed have to re-install Windows into a much smaller partition on the SSD! :x

The reason you can't easily shrink a Windows system partition below half its original size is that Windows puts some "unmovable" files at the halfway point (you've probably seen this if you have ever defragged a system partition). At a minimum there will be some files associated with virtual memory paging (equivalent to the Linux swap partition). I've seen reports that the files used for system restore points are also placed here. If you want to shrink the partition further, you can do so by temporarily disabling virtual memory (and if necessary, system restore).

I successfully shrank my Windows 8 system partition to 20% of its original size this way.

P.S. Don't forget to re-enable virtual memory and system restore once you've resized the partition!
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Re: [EXPLAINED] UEFI support in Mageia 3 (for my new PC)

Postby Myles » Jul 16th, '13, 10:13

martinw, thanks for that. Yes I found that out, I find that stupid! Anyway Windows wouldn't let me do another reduction. But I got around that - started to install Mageia #3 and got to the partitioning stage and chose to reduce the Windows partition to about 50Gb, which seemed to go well. So I canned out of the install and re-booted Windows - it went through the CHKDSK that Mageia said was scheduled for it (which went well) and I was able to logon. This was late last night. I logged in again tonight, ran Space Sniffer and can see all the special Windows files, like pagefil.sys, hiberfil.sys etc. So, at this stage the reduction seems to have worked! The only thing that I am stuck on (and don't really understand) is about allocating the partitions on the SSD (as I know it is critical). LarryDan (and others that I have read in threads) said I have to make sure that the number is divisible by 2,048 and make certain each partition begins on a 4K boundary or something. So is that the number at the top of the screen in this screen dump:http://i1099.photobucket.com/albums/g391/Myles5712/Mageia%203%20Problems/MageiaPartitioningoptions-1_zps81dd13a0.jpg what I have to make sure is divisible by 2,048 ?? Or do I just use the size slider to get the size I want? Sorry for my newbie-ness questions about this :? !
Myles,
Canberra, Australia
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Re: [EXPLAINED] UEFI support in Mageia 3 (for my new PC)

Postby Myles » Jul 19th, '13, 14:21

Well, seeing that everyone seems to have deserted me, I have done quite a bit of reading, being quite confused about a lot of things. And I'd just like to say WHOO HOO! I am writing this from my brand new system installed with Windows 7 and now Mageia # 3! I can boot into both systems successfully so far. I have yet to do the TRIM stuff and all the rest of the SSD tuning, but will do that now. So fingers X, all is going to plan.

Anyway I finally decided to use GParted to allocate my partitions - especialy on my SSD as I could specify things with more granularity - as I read one one thread that diskdrake can't handle/can handle/maybe can handle allocating partions on SSD's on boundaries. Also I realised that all of my disks were under <= 2Tb and are MBR (ATA disks) so I am still restricted to having only 4 Primary partitons - D'OH! So I had to have another think about how I was going to allocate my partitions. Here's what I went with good or bad!

on my SSD:
SDA1 100Mb Windows sytem reserved
SDA2 58Gb (Main Windows install)
SDA3 19Gb /
On 1st 2Tb drive:
SDB1 48Gb /home
SDB2 1.7Tb /Data

On 2nd 2Tb drive:
SDC1 97Gb Windows data
SDC2 7.8Gb /swap

So I finally got there in the end (so far), thanks so much to everyone fo all their help (especially LarryDan). I may still need your help as, or if, I run into trouble. :D
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Re: [EXPLAINED] UEFI support in Mageia 3 (for my new PC)

Postby Myles » Jul 19th, '13, 15:19

All, excuse my newbie-ness questions - again. Doing the Scheduler bit. In this article quoted by LarryDan:
"How to maximise SSD performance with Linux"
http://apcmag.com/how-to-maximise-ssd-performance-with-linux.htm they say to
"sudo nano -w /etc/rc.local"
which I presume is Ubuntu as I have seen that sudo before. Anyway, when I go into /etc/ there is no file named "rc.local". In the article it says
Then add the following line for each SSD in your system:
echo deadline >/sys/block/sda/queue/scheduler
. But if it doesn't exist, how can I do that??? Does that mean I have to create this file? Do we have rc.local in Mageia? :?

I only have the one SSD so if I created the file it would contain only 1 line: echo deadline >/sys/block/sda/queue/scheduler.
Myles,
Canberra, Australia
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