I have had what looks very much like the same problem (BCM43228 on a Dell Latitude E6530) - sorry, saw this thread only now :
- no connection on my home WLAN,
- using my laptop at different hotspots: OK on some (not all) WLANs,
Digging around, I found that
- connecting my laptop to my home WLAN works OK if I configure it with a static IP address,
- all WLANS where I had problems were connected via a Zyxel 660 router (which is the router shipped by my service provider - one of the principal providers in CH),
- I had a similar problem with my Nexus 7 tablett,
- in fact, the connection appeared to get initially established, but fails when DHCP attributes an IP address
That suggested the working hypothesis that there is an imcompatibility in the impelementation of the DHCP protocol between Linux (and Android) and the Zyxel router: I got rid of my Zyxel router (which, anyhow, is better if used as an electric heater) and bought a Fritzbox router. No problem any more (both with my laptop and my tablett).
Is your WLAN connected via such a Zyxel router?